Why Choose a Floating Deck?
Building a deck is a fantastic way to expand your living space, create an outdoor oasis, and increase the value of your home. While traditional decks often involve significant excavation and concrete footings, there’s a simpler, more accessible option perfect for DIY enthusiasts: the floating deck. And, at the heart of this elegant and easy-to-install solution are **deck blocks**. This beginner’s guide will walk you through the process of building a beautiful and functional floating deck using these versatile and cost-effective blocks. This article will help you unlock the potential of your outdoor space.
Floating decks, also known as free-standing decks, offer several advantages over their more traditional counterparts. One of the primary benefits is the elimination of the need for permanent footings. This streamlines the construction process significantly, saving you time, effort, and money. Because they aren’t directly connected to the ground with buried structures, you’ll find they are relatively easy to build. They’re also ideal for situations where digging is difficult or undesirable, such as areas with buried utilities or challenging soil conditions.
Furthermore, floating decks are excellent for uneven terrain. The inherent flexibility of the design allows you to adapt to slight variations in the ground surface, making them suitable for a wider range of landscapes. Additionally, the design is often less subject to stringent local building codes, potentially simplifying the permitting process, though it’s always crucial to check your local regulations.
This article focuses on building a floating deck specifically with the use of **deck blocks**. This method amplifies the convenience and simplicity of the floating deck concept. Deck blocks act as the foundation, supporting the joists and decking materials, offering a stable and level surface without the complexities of poured concrete footings.
The key advantages of using **deck blocks** are threefold: ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and reduced labor requirements. They eliminate the need for mixing concrete or dealing with messy footings. They are generally less expensive than poured concrete. Finally, the simplified construction process is less physically demanding, making this project more accessible to a wider range of DIY builders. This guide will help you navigate every step from start to finish.
Planning Your Deck Project
Before you even think about picking up a hammer, meticulous planning is essential. Proper planning will ensure a smooth build, a safe structure, and a deck that will last for years to come.
Assessing the Landscape
The initial step involves thoroughly assessing the proposed site for your deck. Begin by consulting your local building codes and regulations. Obtain any necessary permits. These regulations may dictate factors such as the maximum deck height, setback distances from property lines, and any special requirements for your specific location.
Next, examine the ground itself. Is the surface relatively level, or are there significant slopes or irregularities? Identify any existing obstacles such as trees, underground utilities, or drainage systems. Note the natural drainage patterns of the area. Understanding the flow of water is critical to prevent water accumulation beneath your deck, which can lead to decay and structural issues. Consider potential sources of water runoff and ensure that water will drain away from the deck and foundation.
Determine the desired size and shape of your deck. Consider the intended use of the space. Are you planning a small seating area, a larger space for dining and entertaining, or perhaps a combination of both? Measure the area carefully and sketch out your design, including the dimensions. This will assist you when calculating the amount of materials you need. Once you have finalized the design, mark the perimeter of the deck on the ground using stakes and string. This helps you visualize the final size and shape of the structure.
Material Selection and Calculations
Choosing the right materials is key to both the aesthetic appeal and the structural integrity of your deck. A bit of research on materials can save a lot of headaches later.
Choosing the Right Decking
The first decision involves selecting the decking material. Several options are available, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages.
Wood decking remains a popular choice, with options such as pressure-treated lumber, cedar, redwood, and exotic hardwoods. Pressure-treated lumber is cost-effective and readily available, offering good resistance to rot and insects. Cedar and redwood are naturally beautiful and offer excellent weather resistance. Hardwoods such as Ipe or Tigerwood provide exceptional durability and longevity but can be more expensive.
Composite decking is a blend of wood fibers and plastic, offering low maintenance, resistance to fading and staining, and a long lifespan. However, it can be more expensive than wood.
PVC decking is made entirely of plastic. PVC offers even greater resistance to moisture and fading than composite. However, it’s also typically the most expensive option.
Once you have decided on your decking material, you must calculate the amount you need. Measure the total square footage of your deck. Determine the spacing between deck boards, usually between an eighth and a quarter of an inch. Use online calculators or manufacturer guidelines to determine the necessary number of boards, accounting for the spacing.
Understanding Deck Blocks
**Deck blocks** are the cornerstone of this floating deck construction method. These are typically made from concrete or durable plastic. These blocks provide a stable, level base for your joists, eliminating the need for pouring concrete footings.
When selecting your **deck blocks**, consider their load-bearing capacity and the specific requirements of your project. Also, factor in your local climate. Ensure they are designed to withstand the expected weather conditions.
Calculating the number of **deck blocks** needed requires careful planning. Determine the spacing between your joists, which will depend on the type of decking and the span of your joists. Position the **deck blocks** according to these spacing guidelines, ensuring adequate support for the joists. Use online calculators or the manufacturer’s recommendations to help determine the optimal number of blocks. The general rule of thumb is to place a deck block at the end of each joist and at any point where support is needed along the span.
Joists and their Specifications
Joists form the supporting framework for the decking. Choosing the correct joist material and spacing is critical for structural integrity.
Joists are typically made of dimensional lumber, such as pressure-treated 2x6s, 2x8s, or 2x10s. The size of the joist depends on the span (the distance between supports) and the type of decking you are using. Consult span tables, available from lumber suppliers or online, to determine the appropriate joist size for your project. Consider pressure-treated joists to protect against rot and insect damage.
Calculating the amount of joists required involves determining the total length of the deck and the spacing between joists, which typically ranges from 12 to 16 inches on center. Calculate the total number of joists and the required length of each, allowing for any necessary overlaps or end supports.
Hardware and Fasteners
Choosing the right hardware and fasteners is critical. Select screws, nails, or other fasteners appropriate for your chosen decking material. Exterior-grade screws are often the best choice because they are resistant to corrosion.
Optional Additions
Optional materials, such as a weed barrier and gravel or crushed stone, can enhance the functionality and longevity of your deck. Weed barrier fabric placed under the deck helps prevent weed growth and improves drainage. A layer of gravel or crushed stone under the deck also aids drainage and reduces the risk of moisture buildup.
Assembling Your Floating Deck
Now that you have all the necessary materials and a well-defined plan, it’s time to begin the construction process.
Preparing the Site
Begin by clearing the area where the deck will be built. Remove any existing vegetation, rocks, or debris. Then, level the ground as much as possible. Small variations can be addressed later. If your plan includes a weed barrier, roll it out over the prepared area. Overlap the edges and secure it with landscape fabric staples to keep it in place.
Positioning the Blocks
Carefully position the **deck blocks** according to your plan. Ensure the blocks are level and properly spaced to support the joists. Use a level to check the position of each block, making adjustments with shims if necessary to achieve a level surface.
Laying the Joists
Cut the joists to the required length, making sure you follow your plan. Position the joists on top of the **deck blocks**. Use a level to check that the joists are also level. Ensure that they are properly spaced according to your plan. Attach the joists to the **deck blocks** using screws or other fasteners recommended by the block manufacturer.
Installing the Decking
Cut the decking boards to the required length, allowing for the desired overhang at the edges of the deck. Determine the proper spacing between the decking boards, usually between an eighth and a quarter of an inch, depending on your material. This spacing allows for expansion and contraction due to changes in temperature and humidity.
Begin attaching the decking boards to the joists, working systematically across the deck. Use appropriate fasteners and follow the manufacturer’s recommendations. Use spacers to maintain consistent spacing between the boards. Frequently check for level and alignment as you install the decking.
Finishing Touches
Consider adding optional finishing touches to enhance the appearance and functionality of your deck. Construct a border or picture frame around the perimeter of the deck to create a more finished look. You might also consider adding stairs or a railing for safety and convenience. If you selected wood decking, you should consider applying a sealant or stain to protect it from the elements and enhance its beauty.
Making Adjustments, Avoiding Common Pitfalls, and Ensuring a Long Life
Even the best-laid plans sometimes require adjustments. Here’s how to handle any unforeseen complications.
Dealing with Ground Challenges
The ground may not always be perfectly level. Small imperfections can be addressed by using shims under the **deck blocks** to achieve a level surface. For more significant variations in the ground level, consider adjusting the placement of the **deck blocks** or using additional supports.
Optimizing Drainage
Proper drainage is critical to the longevity of your floating deck. Ensure the deck has a slight slope to allow water to run off. Keep the area under the deck free of debris that could block drainage.
Safety First
Safety is paramount during any construction project. Always wear safety glasses and gloves. Use tools safely and follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Be aware of your surroundings and take breaks when needed.
Maintaining Your Deck
Regular maintenance is vital to keeping your deck looking its best. Clean the deck regularly to remove dirt and debris. Seal or stain the deck periodically, following the manufacturer’s instructions. Inspect your deck for any damage, such as loose boards or signs of rot, and address the issues promptly.
Final Thoughts
Building a floating deck with **deck blocks** is a rewarding project that can significantly enhance your outdoor living space. By following these steps and taking the time to plan carefully, you can build a beautiful and functional deck that you and your family will enjoy for years to come. This is an approachable project for anyone wanting to improve their home.
Remember to check your local building codes and regulations and consult with a professional if you have any questions.
Congratulations, you have the knowledge to construct a stunning new deck! This process has everything you need to start a new project. Now, take advantage of your expanded living space and enjoy the outdoors!
*Remember that you can always share your work with others and share your journey.
